The Cold War During World War II - 2261 Words

The Cold War was a period of rivalry short of armed confrontation. Tensions oscillated between former allies of the World War II, Russia and America, leading to the infamous cold war. It is rather difficult to determine the starting point of the Cold War because the East-West relationship had been deteriorating since a long time due to their conflicting ideologies and aspirations. However, the circumstances required for them to form an alliance in World War II, but this friendship was short lived. This essay will largely examine the immediate events after the World War II that lead to the straining of the East West relationships .A debate still lingers as to whether it was the West or the East who initiated the Cold War, thus we find†¦show more content†¦Some historians suggest that seeds for the Cold War had been sown as early as 1917 when the Russian revolution upheld their communist beliefs and this ideology most certainly was at odds with American Capitalism. At one end President Wilson declared that ‘peace must be planted upon the tested foundations of political liberty’ while at the other extreme Trotsky prophesized that ‘Either the Russian revolution will create a revolutionary movement in Europe, or the European powers will destroy the Russian revolution.’ (Thompson 1981) The second statement suggests that there was little room for coexistence and it is this rigid ideology that the Orthodox theorists criticize and use as a means of analyzing why the USSR was to be blamed for the Cold War. The post war arrangements were always a point of disagreements between the allies but the Big Three conferences aimed at finding common ground. However, the West was disheartened to see that Russia did not keep to its word as agreed at Yalta and Potsdam, especially regarding Poland and despite having agreed to free elections there, Russia imposed its own government. The other violation by Soviets was of the Declaration on Liberated Eu rope and they kept up expansionism and in fact near the end of the War, Stalin was keener on expansion than to defeat Hitler, making sure he extended in Europe as much as

The Strategic Management of Diversity - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 12 Words: 3608 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Management Essay Level High school Did you like this example? The Strategic Management of Diversity Introduction This report is a discussion of the proposition that the strategic management of diversity leads to a wider range of ideas and abilities, offering greater scope for innovation and future competitive performance. The BQ Company is critically analysed in order to test the validity of this proposition, and examples are drawn from the literature on diversity and performance to place the subject in context. Following the analysis, a diversity strategy outline is proposed for the BQ Company. Organisational profile Currently BQ is the largest do-it-yourself retail chain in the UK, selling materials and equipment for both the home and domestic garden market. The founders, Richard Block and David Quayle, started the business in 1969. Subsequent to a 20 years growth cycle, the company is now part of the Kingfisher Group, which also owns similar European companies providing market presence in France, Spain, Italy, Poland and Russia. BQ presently has stores throughout the UK and Ireland, is headquartered at Chandlers Ford in Hampshire, and has expanded into the Far East with stores in Taiwan and China. In 2006 the company employed over 38, 000 people in more than 300 stores across the UK. In terms of diversity, during 1989 BQ noted the demographic changes taking place in the UK, particularly the ageing population, coupled with the fact that it had at the time a young workforce with a high staff turnover. In the DIY business product knowledge is critical and the younger workforce was seen as lackin g in the relevant experience. The company embarked on a policy of employing older workers, having first carried out a very successful pilot in a new store, staffed entirely by workers over 50. The evidence of success persuaded the bard of BQ to adopt a positive approach to recruitment of an age-diverse workforce. The company viewed the move as making good business sense. The BQ website displays its commitment and belief in diversity and a mix of talents, and their policies in this respect promote equal opportunity of employment regardless of gender, ethnic origin, nationality, culture, religion, age, disability, marital status, sexual orientation or political views. They have appointed a Diversity Manager, reporting to the Board, and their philosophy on diversity is reflected in its HR policies (Mullins 2008: 86). BQ remains the UKs largest retailer in its sector and noted profitability of the business in its most recent annual report (BQ website). Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "The Strategic Management of Diversity" essay for you Create order Definition Price (2007:385) quotes Cox et al (2001:31) as defining diversity as the variation of social and cultural identities among people in an employment situation. The reality is that people are different, varying in gender, culture, race, social, physical and psychological characteristics. These differences may cause either negative or positive reactions, depending on individual perspectives and prejudices. In the workplace this can cause positive influences as some believe diversity is a source of creativity and innovation. In other cases, diversity can be the source of misunderstanding, suspicion and workplace conflict affecting performance. Dimensions The dimensions of diversity may be broken down into primary and secondary characteristics, according to Daft (2006: 469). The primary dimensions are age, gender, ethnicity, sexual orientation, race, and physical ability. Secondary dimensions can either be acquired or changed in life, impacting less on the primary dimensions but affect an individuals view of the world and how others view them. Examples are differences in housing status, with some individuals coming from affluent suburbs and others in run-down inner city environments. Likewise married people with children have a different set of attitudes and values than those who are single and childless. A persons religion, native language, socio-economic status, educational and work background add dimensions of differentiation not only to the person but also to how others view them. These secondary dimensions are very relevant in a workplace setting, and for those managers who believe in the concept of value through diversity, the challenge is to recognise the individuals values and strengths, as opposed to their diversity aspects. Bratton and Gold (2001: 94) echo this by stating that diversity in the workplace, changes in demographics and social values all make the management of people more complex and challenging. Business case The business case for diversity is articulated by Boddy (2008: 370) who quotes Anderson and Metcalfe (2003; 26) as arguing that business will benefit from promoting diversity as it will facilitate access to a broader range of individuals, their strengths, experiences and perspectives. It will offer a greater understanding of the diverse groups of both potential and existing customers represented within the workforce. Additionally, it will experience better communication with these diverse groups of potential and existing customers. The increasing pace of competition requires companies to focus on companies internal assets in the shape of employees to drive performance improvement. However, according to Torrington et al (2004: 110) changing social trends and legislation have made the task of attracting and retaining the best employees more complex, leading organisations to become more minded of the strategic value of a more diverse workforce, in an effort remain competitive. The composition of the workforce is changing, with an increased number of women and members of ethnic minority groups entering, and the age profile of the working population is changing with an increase in the average age of employees (Redman and Wilkinson 2006: 307). Daft (2006:466) outlines the case for diversity, noting that some top management believe that it offers a broader range or opinions and viewpoints, reflects an increasingly diverse customer base, demonstrates the companys commitment to the â€Å"right thing† and helps attract the best talent. Advocates The Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development (CIPD) offer a positive view, stating that diversity is an inclusive term based on recognising all kinds of difference. It is about valuing everyone as an individual. It recognises that people, from different backgrounds can bring fresh ideas and perceptions, which can make the work done more efficient and the products and services better. Diversity is an inclusive concept that covers all kinds of difference that go beyond the traditional understanding of what equal opportunity is about (Armstrong (2006: 868). Critics Some question the long-term business case for diversity. As described by Kirton and Greene (2010: 201) some commentators believe that if the organisational benefits to be gained from diversity are too narrow or short term, the result might be partial rather than a comprehensive policy, i.e. in addressing only the most obvious and immediate business problems. For example skills and labour shortages vary over time and space. Women and older workers might become important sources of employees when the economy is booming and young people are in short supply. Employees might be compelled to develop policies to attract these groups, including flexible work arrangements. These policies might then be abandoned once the problem was overcome or during an economic downturn. Cost According to Anderson and Metcalf (2003: 26) a neglected area of research is the impact of diversity on costs. The need to manage diverse workforces is emphasised in the management literature to reduce the chances of negative conflict within the workplace and facilitate an environment that values different perspectives. This may involve training staff to make them aware of their prejudices and to encourage them to consider the perspectives of others. Internal communications may need to be tailored to suit different audiences. Decision-making processes may require more time to ensure that different perspectives are considered. All these factors have cost implications. Policies Price (2007: 396) relates that many organisations have adopted equal opportunities polices outlining commitment to equitable human resource management. However, they are extremely ineffective, and are often in response to political pressures or to sooth consciences, rarely disturbing vested interests. Organisational culture, particularly at top-level is an obstacle to the creation of a diversified workforce. According to Molander and Winterton (1994: 102) serious equal opportunity policy requires allocation of overall responsibility to a specific senior executive. There also needs to be agreement of the policy with employee representatives, and effective communication of the policy to all employees. Examples Boddy (2008: 370) relates that within the UK Civil Service there were diversity targets set in 2000 for the period 2004-5 that 35 percent of senior civil service jobs should be held by women, a rise from a level of 26 percent. The number of senior posts held by individuals for ethnic minorities should be increased from 2.8 percent to 3.2 percent and similar measure taken for disabled employees. The public sector has expended time, money and energy on training, in communication, leadership and effective networking, in pursuit of culture change. The aim of culture change is to make people feel valued and where talents are fully utilised. BMW has formed a project to help reduce the demographic changes which have resulted in an ageing workforce. The changes within the project are the design of the working environment involving ergonomically designed workstations in office and manufacturing to help avoid physical strain. The introduction of health management and preventative health c are with the provision of gyms and fitness courses at all plant locations. Flexible retirement packages that allow individuals to retire early of continue after 65 have been introduced, and there is stress on the importance of lifelong learning activities. In contrast, Torrington et al (2008: 574) relate a story from People Management regarding a case of disability. They reports that a skiing accident left a woman paralysed from the chest down, and was seeking employment. After being dismissed by her employer six months after the accident, and after rehabilitation, she began to look for work. She found little support to enable her to compete fairly, and found no help from HR professionals, feeling that on the many occasions she was interviewed it was a matter of procedure and a way of complying with a government initiative called the two tick symbol. The two ticks symbol can be used by employers to demonstrate their commitment to employing disabled people. Employers who use the symb ol make commitments to action such as a guaranteed job interview for disabled applicants. Price (2007: 394) relates that a survey of over 100 UK female directors indicated that many believe women may be their own worst enemies regarding success in the boardroom. The survey showed that, while 66 percent believed women enjoyed equal opportunities across the whole workplace, only 32 percent believed that their possibilities of attaining board level roles was identical to men. Women remain very much a minority in UK boardrooms. Legislative Issues The Commission for Racial Equalitys (CRE) guide on ethnic monitoring recommends that analyses of the workforce should be conducted in sufficient detail to show whether there is an under-representation in more skilled jobs and grades, as well as whether there are general concentrations of ethnic minority employees in certain job levels or departments in the organisation. The CIPD Equal Opportunities Code states that the most important processes to monitor are recruitment and selection since these are easily influenced by prejudice or indirect discrimination (Armstrong 2006: 867). It should be noted that the CRE recommends that if necessary, positive affirmative action should be taken with job adverts designed to each members of under-represented groups, the use of employment agencies and careers offices in areas where these groups area concentrated and other encouragements designed to reduce under representation for ethnic groups in the workplace. Price (2007: 390) notes that the Equal Pay Act (1970) provides for equal pay for comparable workers. The Sex Discrimination Act (1975) makes illegal discrimination against women or men (including discrimination on the ground of marital status) in the work situation. The Race Relations Act (1976) with subsequent amendments is applicable, and the Disability Discrimination Act (1995) addresses people with physical disability impairments. Subsequent UK and European Union (EU) legislation has improved womens rights in the area of pregnancy. The Health and Safety at Work Act 1974 also has implications for employees with physical limitations (Hughes and Ferret 2009:9). Analysis of BQ There can be confusion between equal opportunities, the legislation concerning these issues, and the concept of competitive success through the strategic management of diversity (Armstrong 2006: 868). One is the deliberate maximising of employee resources from whatever source, without regard to gender, race, age or any other characteristic, in pursuit of business success. The other is concerned with ensuring that diversity of the human condition in all its manifestations is given equal opportunities for employment, a career and advancement to the limit of their capabilities. The two are distinct and a diversity strategy should recognise that. BQ took the decision to embrace a policy of diversity for business reasons, backed by a pilot proving the concept could be successfully applied (Mullins 2008: 86). This indicates that BQ understood the difference between equal opportunities legislation and a diversity strategy. Also taken into consideration was the perception that older worker s were seen as more knowledgeable in DIY (Rollinson 2008:61). Earlier research also had shown that older customers viewed sales staff of the same age more positively than younger employees (Leopold and Harris 2009: 132). Beardwell et al (2004: 56) argued that competitive leverage was gained as BQs human resources added value to the level of customer service provided. Senior management must have a belief in the benefits accruing from a diversity strategy otherwise there is a risk that tick-box, token response to government initiatives and the image of doing the right thing, will be the only driving forces. BQ was a well-known example of making a point of recruiting older employees before age discrimination regulations were in force (Foot and Hook 2008: 50). To be successful, the diversity strategy process must be driven and supported internally, and not felt by the workforce or management to be externally imposed. Senior management support is necessary, and the strategy should not be identified as yet another HR initiative or it may be greeted with some cynicism as another management fad. BQs management did believe that benefits would accrue from the policy of diversity, partly driven by a difficult trading environment. BQs approach was to appoint a senior individual with responsibility to the board for the diversity policy implementation, regarded as an essential prerequisite by Molander and Winterton (1994: 102), and Rankin (2003:506). However, the action was top-level driven, without any demonstrable workforce involvement, although initially it was confined primarily to age diversity. BQ have expanded their initial age diversity approach and have become more culturally sensitive across a broader range of issues. This is illustrated by Burke and Cooper (2008: 268) noting the respect of religious diversity which is evident as BQ stores in the UK have a calendar of significant religious dates and festivals, developed in association with the Interfaith Network, so that managers are aware of the need for special consideration on those dates for customers and employees. In terms of competitive performance, BQ made a profit of  £195 million on the year ending January 2010 and remain the largest home improvement and garden centre retailer in the UK (BQ website), although it is not obvious as to whether the strategy of diversity management had a direct impact on this result. However, Harrison (2005: 183) notes that being known as an inclusive place to work can lead to becoming an employer of choice, thus bringing reputational benefits also, as BQ has shown. Recommended strategy The recommended strategy should be firmly based on BQs existing approach, but to obtain the maximum benefit and gain greater competitive advantage from the management of diversity, some adjustments should be made. The business case has been proven as far as the company is concerned, but this requires monitoring on an ongoing basis as there is a cost to a policy of diversity (Anderson and Metcalf 2003:26). The policy is already driven by a direct board level report, which is a fundamental requirement for success. There is however, no demonstrable employee feedback with regard to the management of diversity within the company, so it would be wise to engage employee voice in the monitoring and feedback process, to avoid any feelings of discrimination or suspicions of tokenism regarding the employment of minorities. The policies applied should meet or exceed all relevant legislation in place, and this should be part of a monitoring process carried out by the HR function on beh alf of the BQ board. There should be no attempt to enforce quotas as this could potentially lead to a situation where recruitment was based on numbers as opposed to talent and potential contribution to the business, thus negating the entire concept of the value of diversity management. Awareness training should be part of all management and supervisor level development, allied with the reasoning behind the value of promoting diversity in a business sense. A degree of practicality should be employed in some circumstances. For example a disabled employee should be protected from the obvious dangers associated with a large warehouse workplace such as is the case in many BQ facilities, with its attendant health and safety issues, and their employment confined to a position which avoids hazards. Exposure of disabled employees to such an environment may risk a conflict between diversity policy and the requirements Health and Safety legislation (Hughes and Ferrett 2009: 9). The d iversity strategy requires being all-embracing, and not confined to for example ethnic minority statistics, age, or disability. It is essential that the strategy embraced issues such as gender. This approach is partly successful at BQ on the shop floor level, but boardroom representation while being strengthened by the appointment of a female HR appointee (DIYWeek.net 2009) remains heavily dominated by males, with a previous female director stepping down in 2008 (RetailWeek 2008). In addition to diversity management, here are business reasons for such a move as the Times (2010) reported increasing numbers of women adopting DIY with reasons such as the increase in female home ownership and the demographic changes of single women now accounting for more than one in five UK households. BQ should therefore seek to develop potential female senior management, not only for the talents they may bring, but also for a better insight to the current rising trend of female DIY enthusiasts which has the potential for business growth if properly approached. Communication is important and the strategy and accompanying policies should be continuously explained and communicated to all employees and managers (Rankin 2003: 505). Monitoring of recruitment practices should take place to ensure that the strategic intent is being implemented by hiring procedures (Rankin 29003:505). There is a cost to the management of diversity (Anderson and Metcalf 2003: 26), and the cost of diversity practices, with their attendant training, awareness and other expenses should also be taken into account, and balanced against any possible benefits where possible, ensuring the interests of return on investment in addition to legal and moral issues. There should be an open-door culture to respond to potential cases of unfair discrimination, and this should be subject to review at board level. The BQ website should continue to advertise the fact that the organisation is committed to a diversi ty policy, in an effort to reinforce the message that this demonstrates itself as good business sense, and to assist in the continued recruitment of a diverse workforce. Conclusion The analysis supports the view that the management of diversity can result in increased competitive advantage, and the BQ Company have provided an example of that contention. However, despite significant levels of diversity strategy implementation there are a number of caveats which should be considered and a number of changes to the existing strategy are recommended. References Armstrong, M. (2006), A Handbook of Human Resource Management Practice, 10th Edition, London, Koran Page Limited, p 867,868. Anderson, T. Metcalf, H. (2003) Diversity: Stacking up the Evidence, London, CIPD, p 26. Beardwell, I. Holden, L. Claydon, T. (2004) Human Resource Management: A Contemporary Approach, Harlow, FT Prentice Hall, p 56. Boddy, D. (2008) Management: An Introduction, 4th Edition, Harlow, FT Prentice Hall, p 370. Bratton, J. Gold, J. (2001) Human Resource Management: Theory and Practice, 2nd Edition, Basingstoke, Macmillan Press Ltd., p 94. Burke, R.J. Cooper. C.L. (2008) Building More Effective Organisations: HR Management and Performance in Practice, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, p 268. BQ website (2010) Respect Available from: Http://www.diy.com/diy/jsp/corporate/content/envoronment_ethics/ethics/respect.jsp Cox, T. Jr., ONeill, P.H. Quinn, R.E. (2001) Creating the Multicultural Organisation: A Strategy for Capturing the Power of D iversity, John Wiley Sons, p 31. Daft, R.L. (2006), The New Era of Management, USA, Thomson South-Western, p 466, 469. Diyweek.net (2009) New Board Members at BQ, Available from: https://www.diyweek.net/news/news.asp?id=12531 Foot, M. Hook, C. (2008) Introducing Human Resource Management, 5h Edition, Harlow, FT Prentice Hall, p 50. Harrison, R. (2005) Learning and Development, 4th Edition, London, CIPD, p 183. Hughes, P. Ferrett, S. (2009) Introduction to Health and Safety at Work, 4th Edition, Oxford, Butterworth-Heinemann, p 9. Kirton, G. Greene, A. (2010) The Dynamics of Managing Diversity: A Critical Approach, 3rd Edition, Oxford, Butterworth-Heinemann, p 201. Leopold, J. Harris, L. (2009) The Strategic Managing of Human Resources, Harlow, Pearson Education Ltd., p 132. Molander, C. Winterton, J. (1994) Managing Human Resources, Routledge. Mullins, L.J. (2008) Essentials of Organisational Behaviour, Harlow, Pearson Education Ltd., p 86. Price, A. ( 2007) Human Resource Management in a Business Context, 3rd Edition, London, Thomson Learning, p 385, 390, 394, 396. Rankin, N. (Ed) (2003) IRS Best Practice in HR Handbook, London, Eclipse Group Ltd., p 506. Redman, T. Wilkinson, A. (2006) Contemporary Human Resource Management: Text and Cases, Harlow, FT Prentice Hall, p 307. RetailWeek (2008) BQ Marketing Director steps down amid Board shake-up Available from: https://www.retail-weel.com/bq-marketing-director-steps-down-amid-board-shake-up/1956175.article. Rollinson, D. (2008) Organisational Behaviour and Analysis: An Integrated Approach, 4th Edition, Harlow, Pearson Education Ltd., p 61. The Times (2010) DIY: the women doing it for themselves Available from: https://women.timesonline.co.uk/tol/life_style/women/article6977944.ece Torrington, D. Hall, L. Taylor, S. (2008), Human Resource Management, 7th Edition, London, FT Prentice Hall, p 110, 574.

The Affordable Healthcare Act Is Improved Our Health Care...

The Affordable Healthcare Act is has improved our health care system in many ways. One of the most obvious improvements is in America today we have more people with healthcare coverage than ever before. Per the video we have 90% of Americans have health care today, which is an increase in 20 million Americans with health insurance. Per Health and Humana services (March 2016). That part of this increase can be contributed to ACA many changes. One change in particular is allowing young adults under the age of 26 to stay on their parent’s health insurance plans. This change alone enabled 2.3 million young adults to now have affordable insurance though their parents. This change resulted in reduction of 46.5% of young adults from 2013 to 2016. In addition, Health and Humana Services statists point out that the uninsured rate for Blacks dropped more than 50% which equals 3 million black Americans now have health coverage. Health and Humana service also noted that with the Hispa nic population there was also an increase of 4 million Hispanic adults obtaining coverage and an increase of 8.9 white adults obtaining health care coverage. In addition to the increased numbers of Americans obtaining insurance those who utilized their health insurance also experienced that additional preventative health service were now covered at 100% and would not go towards one’s deductible, thus forcing and individual to pay out of pocket for said services. One item that I have benefited from isShow MoreRelatedThe Affordable Care Act Of The United States1563 Words   |  7 PagesHealthcare in the United States is in a crisis situation. Healthcare costs are rising to the point where people are required to pay their health insurance premiums and deductibles over having enough money to cover groceries to feed the family. It seems our government is at odds in terms of the success with the Affordable Care Act and the outcomes we are witnessing from its’ implementa tion in our country. Many Americans understand the incentives of having healthcare insurance coverage and the benefitsRead MoreChanging The Geography Of Health Care1144 Words   |  5 PagesGeography of Healthcare Thomas Gordon HCS/490 December 7, 2015 Changing the Geography of Health Care President Obama on March 23, 2010 signed one of the biggest reforming acts of our century, the Affordable Care Act or to some refer to it as â€Å"Obama Care†. This was President Obama’s finest moments for some and for others it was believed that it wasn’t great idea to create such a law act. The Affordable Care Act law was created and established to change everything about health care and bringRead MoreUniversal Healthcare Is Not a Priviledge, It is a Right1451 Words   |  6 Pagessaid that â€Å"It is hard to talk about a middle ground for something that is a fundamental right.† This country has no reason to compromise something that is in the U.S. Constitution and that was meant to be available for all U.S. citizens. Universal Healthcare is not a privilege; it is a right. â€Å"In the second half of the 19th century, advances in biology and chemistry helped medical doctors better understand the human body, incorporating principles of modern science into the practice of medicine. SanitationRead MoreThe Health Care System Of The United States857 Words   |  4 Pages 1.) Briefly describe the US Health Care system. Identify the people, professionals and organizations that have something to say about how health care is delivered -- and paid for -- in the US. The Health Care System in the United States is provided by many organizations. The Healthcare facilities are largely owned by private sector businesses. A large part of community hospitals are non-profit and government owned, and only a small percent is for profit. The non-profit hospitals include 60 toRead MoreManaged Care : A Complex Health Care System1469 Words   |  6 PagesManaged Care is a complex health care system in which physicians, hospitals, and other healthcare professionals organize in an interrelated system of people and facilities that communicate with one another and work together as a unit, commonly referred to as a network. This network coordinates and arranges health care services and benefits for a specific group of individuals, referred as enrollees, for the purpose of managing costs, quality, and access to health care. The Managed care program mayRead MoreUniversal Healthcare Is A Human Right That Everyone Should1750 Words   |  7 PagesUniversal healthcare is a human right that everyone should be entitled to; it should be a right and never a privilege. Universal healthcare is the right to refer to a health care system that focuses on providing health care and financial protection to all it citizens of that particular country. Many citizens in the United States do not have health care because of how expensive it can be, and its price is advertised as though it is a luxury when in actuality that is not the case. Therefore UniversalRead MorePublic Policy Analysis : The Affordable Care Act ( Aca )1036 Words   |  5 Pagesgoal. In healthcare, policies can affect and have an impact on how we provide care for our patients’. For this reason, it is important for nurses to be knowledgeable and involved in important healthcare decisions. â€Å"Knowledgeable nurses in advanced practice must demonstrate their commitment to action by being a part of relevant decisions that will ensure the delivery of quality health care by appropriate providers in a cost-effective manner† (Milstead, 2013, p. 1). Public Policy Analysis Health careRead MoreEssay On Health Care1446 Words   |  6 PagesHealthcare the Right Way Debate over the U.S. healthcare reform law – the Affordable Care Act (ACA) or Obamacare – have raged for almost a decade, with new fury now in the â€Å"repeal and replace† initiatives of the Trump administration (Berwick). The act is complex, the more so because its provisions build on an already tortuous non-system of financing and delivering care to the people of the U.S. (Berwick). Providing Americans with â€Å"affordable healthcare† is still lacking, therefore the U.S. healthRead MoreAffordable Care Act Impact On Healthcare Practice1020 Words   |  5 PagesAffordable Care Act Impact on Healthcare Practice If I were to assume the role of a political official, I would point out several of the benefits of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) and try to convince public opinion that ultimately, it serves their best interests. The ACA impacts patient experiences by focusing more on optimal health outcomes while reducing costs and increasing quality. The ACA influences many components of the healthcare delivery system, some of which areRead MoreAnalysis of Contemporary Health Care Issues769 Words   |  4 PagesAnalysis of Contemporary Health Care Issues US health care expenditures have been rising quickly over the past few years; it has risen more than the national financial system. Nonetheless a number of citizens in the US still lack appropriate health care. If the truth be told, health care expenditures are going to continue to increase; in addition numerous individuals will possibly have to make difficult choices pertaining to their health care. Our health system has grave problems that require reform

Biology 101 Review Essay - 1102 Words

Bio 101 Review Sheet Test #1 (Chapters 1-3) Chapter 1 1. Cell is basic unit of life 2. Hierarchy of life figure 3. 3 Energy categories and examples of each Producer-plants and some microbes Consumer-humans and other animals Decomposer-fungi and other animals 4. Energy transfers are not 100% efficient – why? Cant capture all of the energy supplied by one source a. Where does all energy for biology come from? sun 5. Homeostasis- state of internal consistency or equilibrium 6. 2 types of reproduction asexual and sexual b. Benefits to sexual reproduction benefit of tremendous variation 7. Adaptation inherited characteristics or behaviors that enables an organism to survive and reproduce†¦show more content†¦Solute, solvent, solution interactions Solvent-a chemical in which other substances dissolve Solution-1 or more solutes dissolved in liquid solvent 15. Hydrophobic vs. hydrophilic molecules Hydrophobic-water fearing Hydrophilic-water loving 16. Reactants and products in chemical reactions Reactants-starting materials Products-resulting materials 17. Difference between acid and base Acid-adds H+ to the solution Base-more OH- than H+ 18. pH scale –which is acid vs. base Acid-less than pH 7 Base-greater than pH 7 19. 4 types of biological molecules – what is monomer for each one Carbs, lipid, proteins, nucleic acid 20. 4 types of polysaccharide and what they do Cellulose-plant cell walls Chitin-exoskeleton of insects, cell walls of fungi Starch-plant energy storage Glycogen-animal and fungi energy storage 21. Difference between trans, unsaturated and saturated fats Trans-fat cakes created by man Saturated-have all single bonds between carbons Unsaturated-have at least 1 double bond between carbons 22. Which type of cholesterol is good vs. bad – HDL, LDL 23. 4 levels of protein structure Primary, secondary, tertiary, quarternary 24. Ways to denature a protein 25. Major differences between RNA and DNA DNA-dioxyribose sugar, double helix RNA-ribose sugar, single stranded Chapter 3 1. Basic tenets of cell theory Cell is the fundamental unit of life All organisms made of one or more cells AllShow MoreRelatedMy College Life at Princeton1214 Words   |  5 Pages† She has an amazing personality† I thought to myself while speaking to her. After talking for a while, I suggest we go to a diner called Princetonian Diner. After eating, I waved goodbye to her and went off to find my dorm room. I see I have dorm 101, I feel excited knowing I found my first friend Johanna and hope to continue my day with more great news. While inside my dorm room, unpacking and getting settled, I hear the door open. I turn around and see a guy with glasses, a red shirt, black hairRead MoreEffective Management Essay (Master of Nursing)2950 Words   |  12 PagesThis essay will discuss current literature on clinical case management in mental health in the Australian context. The terms relating to case management will be defined and explained. The essay will discuss and describe case management models and social models in mental health. In this essay my own clinical experience in cas e management will be highlighted. The issues of efficacy and effectiveness in clinical case management will also be addressed. The essay will identify and outline the groups thatRead MoreCollege Readiness Essay2498 Words   |  10 PagesAlthough college readiness can be measured sing ACT and SAT scores, which developed a college readiness benchmarks to see whether a prospective college student has a high prospect of success in college courses of English, social sciences, Algebra and biology. However, if your test scores are not meeting the typical benchmarked standard does that truly determine I you are ready for college. No. One thing we have to take under deep consideration is that each student is different and some don’t test veryRead MoreCentral Nervous System4535 Words   |  19 Pagesdependent patterning in the rostral (anterior) CNS. It is also hypothesized to influence the development of dorsal hindbrain and forebrain. (6) The vertebrate CNS is a very complex organ that exhibits cellular diversity. The aim of developmental biology has been to solve the challenges in discovering the mechanisms that regulate or lead to the neuronal development. (2) To decide on the interneural segment specification/ Specification of neural progenitor cells- Drosophila has been consideredRead MoreStereotypes, Stereotyping and Ideals Essay5008 Words   |  21 Pageswoman of these measurements would have to walk on all fours to balance her disproportionate body. Considering that Barbie’s physical characteristics are outrageous and ultimately unattainable, how has she come to be an â€Å"icon† of femininity (duCille 101)? Girls and women across the country look to Barbie as a beautiful ideal, and strive for a body like hers. As a result, many battle endlessly with dieting, eating disorders, distorted body images, and low self-esteem. In addition to physical standardsRead More Capitalism, Marketing, and the Insidious and Covert Co-optation of the Self6482 Words   |  26 PagesNUM) This essay studies the covert, market driven forces at work in our choices of images for the avatars inhabiting cyberspace, in order to understand the dangers of the exchange of self-images for advertisements. To forge a set of alternative resistant and forceful conditions for imaging what Sherry Turkle has termed the second self, tactics based in imaging, language, and psychology can be opposed to the insidious and covert co-optation of the self by commodities. This essay is an attemptRead MoreHistorical Overview of Homosexuality2431 Words   |  10 Pagesof homosexual men. Interestingly, a tendency to focus on male homosexuals in scientific research can be seen at this stage. Although an exhaustive list of studies on homosexuality cannot be provided in this forum (nor would it be practical), from a review of the available literature, this is confirmed. The APA removed homosexuality from its Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Psychological Disorders in 1973. In 1975 it then released a public statement that homosexuality was not a mental disorderRead MoreMens Rea The Writing Style and Feminism of Lakambini Sitoy7010 Words   |  29 Pages 1 Statement of the Problem 2 Significance of the Study 2 Theoretical Background of the Study 2 Scope and Limitations of the Study 6 Definition of Terms 6 2 Review of Related Readings Review of Related Literature 8 Review of Related Studies 12 3 Literary Research Methodology Method of Literary Research Used 14 Sources of Data 14 Verbal Data-Gathering Process 14 Phase I – Analysis of the Main CharactersRead MoreEssay on Silent Spring - Rachel Carson30092 Words   |  121 Pagesoffprint from Gales For Students Series: Presenting Analysis, Context, and Criticism on Commonly Studied Works: Introduction, Author Biography, Plot Summary, Characters, Themes, Style, Historical Context, Critical Overview, Criticism and Critical Essays, Media Adaptations, Topics for Further Study, Compare Contrast, What Do I Read Next?, For Further Study, and Sources.  ©1998-2002;  ©2002 by Gale. Gale is an imprint of The Gale Group, Inc., a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Gale and Design ® andRead MoreDisenfranchisement: Voting is a Privelege that we Must Not Take for Granted5822 Words   |  24 Pagesâ€Å"the land of the free.† With this being said, the question remains, should disenfranchisement be enforced or not? After all, taking civic, constitutional rights from citizens does not have society singing the national anthem. Literature Review Brief One Citation Highton, Benjamin. (2004, Sept). Voter Registration and Turnout in the United States. Perspectives on Politics, 2 (3), 507-515. Retrieved July 20, 2009, from JSTOR Database.Website: http://www.jstor.org/stable/3688813. Abstract

The Year Of My Grade School Education - 1428 Words

The years of my grade school education brings out the worst years of my learning experience. My schooling was full of teachers who doubted the students daily, administrators who thought they were better, and students who thought education ended with an high school diploma. In John Taylor Gatto’s â€Å"The Seven Lesson Schoolteacher† Gatto analyzes the school system that I have seen before my very eyes; a school system that without saying so, systemically sets children up to live under the law of the government. A system that trains children to obey and stay in the box that the system places them in. I attended Jr. high school at Sandtown middle in Atlanta Georgia, I don’t remember a teacher who was actually interested in teaching their†¦show more content†¦Ms. Rouser and along with other teachers were angry that they spent years to get an education just to deal with kids for 8 hours a day and make a little amount of money with little resources to teach. Although these circumstances do not justify teachers shooting down students dreams. This gives me a better understanding on why teachers belittle the students into making them feel useless because they wanted us to end up just like them, unhappy. I attended Westlake high school in Atlanta, Georgia. In high school, everything was constantly changing. Classes changed every 45 minutes, teachers changed, subjects changed, and even the environment changed every single 45 minutes. This indifference that is showed in my high school is the same indifference that Gatto speaks of. The school system teaches children to not care about too much. When the bell rings this is suggesting that the things taught in class are not important showing that after the bell rings that no work is worth finishing. This mindset that nothing matters too much is totally opposite of the real world. Indifference is another drill that drills students in the opposite direction of the real world. Up into college, students are told to ask for permission to use the restroom. In grade school I remember being told â€Å"no† to emptying out my bladder, something that is necessary and is unhealthy if held too long. This rule touches on one of Gatos â€Å"The Seven Lesson- Schoolteacher† which is isShow MoreRelatedEducational Autobiography Essay1436 Words   |  6 PagesAutobiography A lot of people think education is just something you get in school, but in reality education comes from different places and people not just school and teachers. For example, way before I started school I was already being educated by my parents, they taught me how to eat, behave, use the bathroom, talk, and a lot of other things that help out in life. I started my educational career in John F. Kennedy Elementary. I don’t really remember my years there because I only went there forRead MoreAmerica Skips School, By Benjamin R. Barber Essay1529 Words   |  7 Pagesof going to school to learn. In a passage in â€Å"America Skips School,† by Benjamin R. Barber, he explains why and how our educational system is failing. Barber gives facts about and examples of what students are now doing instead of going to school. Another author, Mary Sherry, writes about the state of education that points to an assessment system that was weak. The passage â€Å"In Praise of the F Word,† by Mary Sherry, tells the reader that students are getting passed on to the next grade even thoughRead MoreSpecial Education Issues For Public Schools874 Words   |  4 PagesSpecial Education issues The issue that I struggle with is the lack of proper special education in public schools. I think this is an issue that is seen locally as well as nationally. Inner city school students suffer the most with improperly trained staff, unqualified teachers, lack of supplies, and not enough money to fund the programs. I am very familiar with this issue and feel strongly about the need to reform special education laws and practices. A child in need of special education servicesRead MoreMy Education Career At Texas A M Essay1583 Words   |  7 PagesSignificant Educator Essay Throughout my education career at Texas AM there have been a few different significant educators that have peaked my interest. My focus in undergrad was English/Language Arts and Social Studies for middle school, but as I’ve learned more through my graduate degree I’ve become fascinated with the idea of different types of schooling and the lower level grades. For example, I never heard of an open concept classroom until my first graduate course. Once I heard this ideaRead MorePrivate Education Vs. Public Education864 Words   |  4 PagesIt is often said that private education is superior to public education. I attended a private Christian school from grades Kindergarten through eighth. My father believed a private education would be the best option for me. Our class sizes were very small. Each grade level had around forty students, but we were split equally into two individual classes. The majority of the eighth grade class consisted of the same students that we st arted Kindergarten with. We had grown up together and helped oneRead MoreWhy I Should Be Raised Essay1710 Words   |  7 PagesOn a Monday afternoon in October of 1996, my sex, the biological distinction between male and female, was determined to be female. Thus, I was involuntarily ascribed the status of daughter and younger sister. From this moment on, my parents used my gender and race to act accordingly in making the decisions of how I should be raised, how I should be dressed, and most importantly, the type of education I was to receive from social institutions, starting with family and academic institutions. WithinRead MoreThe Most Stressful Time Of A Graduate Program854 Words   |  4 Pages The most stressful time I underwent during my undergrad was when I found out that the master’s program that I wanted to attend was asking for a higher grade point average than what I had. The business program that I wanted to attend was asking for a minimum of 3.20 grade point av erage in order to be able to get into the program. During the first two years of my education I did not take school seriously and because of that it effected my overcall grade point average however, I found out that theRead MoreThe Importance Of Education979 Words   |  4 PagesEducation is what makes me the person I am today. My school experiences are what I feel have had the most impact on my life. Everything that I have learned, I have learned from school. Whether it be social experiences or actual lessons, that is what made me and that is what keeps me going. Looking back on everything that I have accomplished with my education, is my motivation. The elementary school I attended was about 5 minutes away from my house. Every day one of my parents would drop me off andRead MoreAutobiographical Essay985 Words   |  4 PagesMy aspiration toward a better education starts all the way back to when I started school in Russia. Out of the short educational experience that I had in Russia, I remember that almost everybody wanted to be the straight-A student (or straight-5 by Russian grading). That, combined with the constant pressure from my family helped me get excited about school and made me want to learn. My education in Russia was cut short, however, when we moved to the United States. In the United States, educationRead MoreClass I Had A Good Experience846 Words   |  4 PagesI had a good experience in was in my Algebra class in 12th grade. I say this because that was a class I needed to graduate High school. Let’s just say I wasn’t the best student in my previous grades. The teacher I got for Algebra was Mr. Hernandez he was a young teacher, fun and concerning of his students. So the first day of class I told him that this is the class I need to graduate. He told me â€Å"Don’t worry, we will graduate together†. So every day after school, he would have me come over to his

Review on the Novel Atonement free essay sample

McEwan takes the innocence of childhood and juxtaposes it with despicable crimes and unchangeable mistakes, thus creating a protagonist the reader despises. Just as political conflicts start to unravel towards World War Two, so does Atonement begin. Briony, an aspiring writer, is preparing to produce and preform her first play, The Trials of Arabella, just in time for her older brother Leon, home from University, to see it. Attending along with her older brother is her elder sister, Cecilia, the Tallis life long family friend, Robbie Turner, some friends of Leons from school, and three cousins. She demanded perfection from herself and yearned attention for it. Her desire for perfection can be read as a need for control, which she finds within the depths of her imagination and thus the act of writing itself. It is during the hours before her play that Briony allows her imagination to escape the limits of pages and ultimately manipulate the reality of the people around her. Inherently frightened and confused by what she does not understand, Briony witnesses a flirtation between Robbie and Cecilia, and from there, makes decisions that change all their lives. And so a young girl who thought herself the heroine of her own drama, will find she is the villain of someone elses. The transition from childhood to adolescence can feel isolating and uncontrollable, which is precisely why McEwan wrote Briony among these years. Briony witnesses not only a seemingly intense flirtation between her sister and Robbie, but also, that night, her cousin being sexually assaulted. Stumbling in on the crime scene, she becomes the chief witness and must speak on her cousins behalf who is too shell-shocked to recall any details. This all occurs before The Trials of Arabella could be preformed and after Briony intercepts a very convicting love letter from Robbie Turner to Cecilia. With each sibling being ten or more years older then Briony, she has grown up precocious and righteous, a girl â€Å"possessed to have the world just so† (4). Briony did not need to think twice about the shadow that was the perpetrator; with all the control she could create exactly the story she wanted to, allowing her imagination to thrive. She accused Robbie Turner of the crime. Her interpretation of that letter had led her to believe it to be so r was it just too enticing of a twist? Too surprising and heartbreaking? Exactly the story she wanted? McEwan uses hubris to create the character that is Briony. This heightens the catharsis that the reader feels when Robbie is indeed wrongly convicted and sent to prison and then, ultimately enlisted in war, leaving his and Cecilia’s love thwarted. The remainder of the novel deals with how Briony seeks atonement for her â€Å"mistake† but realizes she will never receive forgiveness nor forgive herself for that ill-fated day. It is this opinion that the reader also adopts. The heavy sense of regret is prevalent throughout the rest of the novel, which appeals to a universal fear of mistakes and their repercussions. Furthermore, McEwan takes this pathos of fear and integrates it into a childhood character resulting in not just regret, but life-long regret. The reader travels forward in time, several years after the incident, when the accusations could no longer be revoked, and the relationships became irreparable. Briony is working as a war nurse and has estranged herself from her family, just as her sister has done someplace else in war torn England. Robbie Turner is trying to survive each turbulent day in war with thoughts of Cecilia as motivation. McEwan describes World War Two brilliantly by creating scenes of unthinkable death and suffering whilst threading hope and love to convey the complexities of war. Its during these pages that the reader realizes the full consequence of Brionys actions. Briony herself, witnessing the horror and carnage of war in the hospital, is distraught as ever about the incident. She has stopped writing thus imprisoning the same imagination that destroyed so many relationships. Cecilia defended Robbie against her family, and in doing so cut them off entirely, the foremost being Briony. This only intensifies the readers distaste for Briony and the effect she let herself make. Her internal conflict evolves for the worse with time, and even with the sacrifices she makes, it is clear atonement is far off in the distance from herself, her family, Robbie, or the reader. McEwan takes what is ethical and distorts it using the relationships between the characters. He uses some of the most sensitive relationships, such as sisters and lovers, to evoke questions in the reader: what mistake could lead to a loss of family? Of love? Family is often a symbol of eternal love, but in Atonement, that symbol is shattered. The bonds of family love cannot always be healed with apologies. McEwan integrates the unchangeable law that an action must have a reaction, some of which, can never be appealed or revoked. It is in this truth that Briony must live out her life. In the last segment of the novel, we are introduced to Briony, aged fifty years and entering her final days of life. We discover the voice and tone of the story all along has been that of Briony herself. The animosity we feel for Briony throughout the novel is because the voice has been bias; she does not seek the readers forgiveness, but rather their judgment. The reader is immersed in a delineated reality where verisimilitude is difficult to grasp just as the separation of reality from imagination is not easily understood by a child. McEwan uses this parallelism to bring the story full circle. Yet, with all the ambiguity of truth and time, both voices in the novel (McEwans and Brionys) ensure that the reader is receiving clearly, the unrequited opinion of the Protagonist. Briony is able to reflect in the last pages of the book, on the novel she created, fully confronting her character. â€Å" How can a novelist achieve atonement when, with her absolute power of deciding outcomes, she is also God? There is no one that can forgive her. No atonement for God† (350). It was the novelist and the creator within her who lied and condemned the love and lives of her sister and Robbie. Briony creates the novel to console her uncertainties of the past- yet still will not fabricate the one fact she knows to be true: that she will never find atonement. Work cited McEwan, Ian. Atonement. New York Anchor Books, 2001

Foundation of Management Financial Crisis

Question: Discuss about theFoundation of Managementfor Financial Crisis. Answer: Introduction In todays competitive business world, every organisation faces fierce competition, economic pressures, financial crisis and demanding consumers. Therefore, Besson and Rowe (2012) have mentioned that in order to overcome such situation, the management should reduce the operation cost, service quality, improve the product quality and find new ways of responding to the new opportunities. On the other hand, the rapid innovation, competition level and the product diversity has contributed to the basic crisis of the organisations. Fordism is concerned with the social systems as well as the economic systems which are based on the mass consumption and the industrialised mass production. It is not possible for a Fordist organisation to response to the changing demands of the manufacturing and production processes. Such organizations are unable to meet the changing demands of the modern organizations. There are issues with the function of organizing as well as managing. Economies of scale of a n organisation include the reduction of the average cost, which arises from improving the basic scale of the production for single type of products. A significant reduction in the costs should be done by increasing the production. However, economies of scope include reducing the average production cost with increasing the production of the goods. A considerable amount of saving is done by the production of two or more similar products. This implies that combined cost of production of two goods is less than the production cost of the individual goods. The management of the company should incorporate effective strategy and potential leadership style in order to produce more products than before in order to manage and organise a flexible business operation. The management can use modern technology for cutting down the business cost, for instance inventory and labour. The new system should be flexible and adopt alternative collaborative systems of production (Drew and Coulson?Thomas 201 3). The labour management collective bargaining process would be concerned with the incorporation of technology. This process is concerned with the negotiation between the employers and the unions and arriving at a consensus. The adversarial climate and reinforced rigid work rules are also interconnected with the incorporation of the new technology. All of these processes will make an organisational structure flexible in proper manner with the high performance systems and flexible manufacturing procedures. It is important for carrying out the organizing functions in a perfect manner since it would lead to efficient utilisation of the resources which would increase the organizational productivity. References Besson, P. and Rowe, F., 2012. Strategizing information systems-enabled organizational transformation: A transdisciplinary review and new directions.The Journal of Strategic Information Systems,21(2), pp.103-124. Drew, S. and Coulson?Thomas, C., 2013. Transformation through teamwork: the path to the new organization?.Team Performance Management: An International Journal.